According to Mr. Perrottet, who spent more than a year researching the relic’s history (a chapter of his new book, “Napoleon’s Privates,” is devoted to it), it is “possible” that the phallus was removed during the autopsy, but there is no absolute proof. (Dr. Lattimer, he said, bought the item at a Paris auction for $3,000 in 1977 to remove it from public scrutiny; as a urologist, he had taken offense at the salacious attention it was attracting. Dr. Lattimer had the item X-rayed, Mr. Perrottet said, and determined that it was a human penis, but the French government has not agreed to provide a sample of Napoleon’s DNA for comparison.)